SUNRPC: Document validity guarantees of the pointer returned by reserve_space

A subtlety of this API is that if the @nbytes region traverses a
page boundary, the next __xdr_commit_encode will shift the data item
in the XDR encode buffer. This makes the returned pointer point to
something else, leading to unexpected behavior.

There are a few cases where the caller saves the returned pointer
and then later uses it to insert a computed value into an earlier
part of the stream. This can be safe only if either:

 - the data item is guaranteed to be in the XDR buffer's head, and
   thus is not ever going to be near a page boundary, or
 - the data item is no larger than 4 octets, since XDR alignment
   rules require all data items to start on 4-octet boundaries

But that safety is only an artifact of the current implementation.
It would be less brittle if these "safe" uses were eventually
replaced.

Reviewed-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>

Author: chucklever

net/sunrpc/xdr.c

@@ -1097,6 +1097,12 @@ static noinline __be32 *xdr_get_next_encode_buffer(struct xdr_stream *xdr,
  * Checks that we have enough buffer space to encode 'nbytes' more
  * bytes of data. If so, update the total xdr_buf length, and
  * adjust the length of the current kvec.
+ *
+ * The returned pointer is valid only until the next call to
+ * xdr_reserve_space() or xdr_commit_encode() on @xdr. The current
+ * implementation of this API guarantees that space reserved for a
+ * four-byte data item remains valid until @xdr is destroyed, but
+ * that might not always be true in the future.
  */
 __be32 * xdr_reserve_space(struct xdr_stream *xdr, size_t nbytes)
 {