rust: debugfs: Add initial support for directories

Adds a `debugfs::Dir` type that can be used to create and remove
DebugFS directories. The `Dir` handle automatically cleans up the
directory on `Drop`.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Tested-by: Dirk Behme <dirk.behme@de.bosch.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250904-debugfs-rust-v11-1-7d12a165685a@google.com
Signed-off-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>

Author: maurer

MAINTAINERS

@@ -7487,6 +7487,8 @@ F:	include/linux/kobj*
 F:	include/linux/property.h
 F:	include/linux/sysfs.h
 F:	lib/kobj*
+F:	rust/kernel/debugfs.rs
+F:	rust/kernel/debugfs/
 F:	rust/kernel/device.rs
 F:	rust/kernel/device/
 F:	rust/kernel/device_id.rs

rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
 #include <linux/cred.h>
+#include <linux/debugfs.h>
 #include <linux/device/faux.h>
 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
 #include <linux/errname.h>

rust/kernel/debugfs.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+// Copyright (C) 2025 Google LLC.
+
+//! DebugFS Abstraction
+//!
+//! C header: [`include/linux/debugfs.h`](srctree/include/linux/debugfs.h)
+
+// When DebugFS is disabled, many parameters are dead. Linting for this isn't helpful.
+#![cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS), allow(unused_variables))]
+
+#[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)]
+use crate::prelude::*;
+use crate::str::CStr;
+#[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)]
+use crate::sync::Arc;
+
+#[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)]
+mod entry;
+#[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)]
+use entry::Entry;
+
+/// Owning handle to a DebugFS directory.
+///
+/// The directory in the filesystem represented by [`Dir`] will be removed when handle has been
+/// dropped *and* all children have been removed.
+// If we have a parent, we hold a reference to it in the `Entry`. This prevents the `dentry`
+// we point to from being cleaned up if our parent `Dir`/`Entry` is dropped before us.
+//
+// The `None` option indicates that the `Arc` could not be allocated, so our children would not be
+// able to refer to us. In this case, we need to silently fail. All future child directories/files
+// will silently fail as well.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Dir(#[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)] Option<Arc<Entry>>);
+
+impl Dir {
+    /// Create a new directory in DebugFS. If `parent` is [`None`], it will be created at the root.
+    fn create(name: &CStr, parent: Option<&Dir>) -> Self {
+        #[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)]
+        {
+            let parent_entry = match parent {
+                // If the parent couldn't be allocated, just early-return
+                Some(Dir(None)) => return Self(None),
+                Some(Dir(Some(entry))) => Some(entry.clone()),
+                None => None,
+            };
+            Self(
+                // If Arc creation fails, the `Entry` will be dropped, so the directory will be
+                // cleaned up.
+                Arc::new(Entry::dynamic_dir(name, parent_entry), GFP_KERNEL).ok(),
+            )
+        }
+        #[cfg(not(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS))]
+        Self()
+    }
+
+    /// Create a new directory in DebugFS at the root.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// # use kernel::c_str;
+    /// # use kernel::debugfs::Dir;
+    /// let debugfs = Dir::new(c_str!("parent"));
+    /// ```
+    pub fn new(name: &CStr) -> Self {
+        Dir::create(name, None)
+    }
+
+    /// Creates a subdirectory within this directory.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// # use kernel::c_str;
+    /// # use kernel::debugfs::Dir;
+    /// let parent = Dir::new(c_str!("parent"));
+    /// let child = parent.subdir(c_str!("child"));
+    /// ```
+    pub fn subdir(&self, name: &CStr) -> Self {
+        Dir::create(name, Some(self))
+    }
+}

rust/kernel/debugfs/entry.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+// Copyright (C) 2025 Google LLC.
+
+use crate::str::CStr;
+use crate::sync::Arc;
+
+/// Owning handle to a DebugFS entry.
+///
+/// # Invariants
+///
+/// The wrapped pointer will always be `NULL`, an error, or an owned DebugFS `dentry`.
+pub(crate) struct Entry {
+    entry: *mut bindings::dentry,
+    // If we were created with an owning parent, this is the keep-alive
+    _parent: Option<Arc<Entry>>,
+}
+
+// SAFETY: [`Entry`] is just a `dentry` under the hood, which the API promises can be transferred
+// between threads.
+unsafe impl Send for Entry {}
+
+// SAFETY: All the C functions we call on the `dentry` pointer are threadsafe.
+unsafe impl Sync for Entry {}
+
+impl Entry {
+    pub(crate) fn dynamic_dir(name: &CStr, parent: Option<Arc<Self>>) -> Self {
+        let parent_ptr = match &parent {
+            Some(entry) => entry.as_ptr(),
+            None => core::ptr::null_mut(),
+        };
+        // SAFETY: The invariants of this function's arguments ensure the safety of this call.
+        // * `name` is a valid C string by the invariants of `&CStr`.
+        // * `parent_ptr` is either `NULL` (if `parent` is `None`), or a pointer to a valid
+        //   `dentry` by our invariant. `debugfs_create_dir` handles `NULL` pointers correctly.
+        let entry = unsafe { bindings::debugfs_create_dir(name.as_char_ptr(), parent_ptr) };
+
+        Entry {
+            entry,
+            _parent: parent,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the pointer representation of the DebugFS directory.
+    ///
+    /// # Guarantees
+    ///
+    /// Due to the type invariant, the value returned from this function will always be an error
+    /// code, NULL, or a live DebugFS directory. If it is live, it will remain live at least as
+    /// long as this entry lives.
+    pub(crate) fn as_ptr(&self) -> *mut bindings::dentry {
+        self.entry
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for Entry {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        // SAFETY: `debugfs_remove` can take `NULL`, error values, and legal DebugFS dentries.
+        // `as_ptr` guarantees that the pointer is of this form.
+        unsafe { bindings::debugfs_remove(self.as_ptr()) }
+    }
+}

rust/kernel/lib.rs

@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ pub mod cpu;
 pub mod cpufreq;
 pub mod cpumask;
 pub mod cred;
+pub mod debugfs;
 pub mod device;
 pub mod device_id;
 pub mod devres;