diff --git a/monai/transforms/spatial/array.py b/monai/transforms/spatial/array.py
index 2d3edaeed5..0635e843c6 100644
--- a/monai/transforms/spatial/array.py
+++ b/monai/transforms/spatial/array.py
@@ -1861,6 +1861,7 @@ def __init__(
         shear_range: RandRange = None,
         translate_range: RandRange = None,
         scale_range: RandRange = None,
+        translate_relative: bool = False,
         device: torch.device | None = None,
         dtype: DtypeLike = np.float32,
         lazy: bool = False,
@@ -1889,6 +1890,9 @@ def __init__(
             scale_range: scaling range with format matching `rotate_range`. it defines the range to randomly select
                 the scale factor to translate for every spatial dims. A value of 1.0 is added to the result.
                 This allows 0 to correspond to no change (i.e., a scaling of 1.0).
+            translate_relative: if True, `translate_range` values are interpreted as fractions of the
+                corresponding spatial dimension size (e.g. 0.5 allows translating up to half the image
+                size), instead of absolute voxels. Defaults to False.
             device: device to store the output grid data.
             dtype: data type for the grid computation. Defaults to ``np.float32``.
                 If ``None``, use the data type of input data (if `grid` is provided).
@@ -1907,6 +1911,7 @@ def __init__(
         self.shear_range = ensure_tuple(shear_range)
         self.translate_range = ensure_tuple(translate_range)
         self.scale_range = ensure_tuple(scale_range)
+        self.translate_relative = translate_relative
 
         self.rotate_params: list[float] | None = None
         self.shear_params: list[float] | None = None
@@ -1956,10 +1961,18 @@ def __call__(
         if randomize:
             self.randomize()
         lazy_ = self.lazy if lazy is None else lazy
+        translate_params = self.translate_params
+        if self.translate_relative and translate_params is not None:
+            # interpret the sampled parameters as fractions of the spatial dims
+            sp_size = (
+                spatial_size if spatial_size is not None else (tuple(grid.shape[1:]) if grid is not None else None)
+            )
+            if sp_size is not None:
+                translate_params = [p * d for p, d in zip(translate_params, sp_size)]
         affine_grid = AffineGrid(
             rotate_params=self.rotate_params,
             shear_params=self.shear_params,
-            translate_params=self.translate_params,
+            translate_params=translate_params,
             scale_params=self.scale_params,
             device=self.device,
             dtype=self.dtype,
@@ -2455,6 +2468,7 @@ def __init__(
         shear_range: RandRange = None,
         translate_range: RandRange = None,
         scale_range: RandRange = None,
+        translate_relative: bool = False,
         spatial_size: Sequence[int] | int | None = None,
         mode: str | int = GridSampleMode.BILINEAR,
         padding_mode: str = GridSamplePadMode.REFLECTION,
@@ -2488,6 +2502,9 @@ def __init__(
             scale_range: scaling range with format matching `rotate_range`. it defines the range to randomly select
                 the scale factor to translate for every spatial dims. A value of 1.0 is added to the result.
                 This allows 0 to correspond to no change (i.e., a scaling of 1.0).
+            translate_relative: if True, `translate_range` values are interpreted as fractions of the
+                corresponding spatial dimension size (e.g. 0.5 allows translating up to half the image
+                size), instead of absolute voxels. Defaults to False.
             spatial_size: output image spatial size.
                 if `spatial_size` and `self.spatial_size` are not defined, or smaller than 1,
                 the transform will use the spatial size of `img`.
@@ -2532,6 +2549,7 @@ def __init__(
             shear_range=shear_range,
             translate_range=translate_range,
             scale_range=scale_range,
+            translate_relative=translate_relative,
             device=device,
             lazy=lazy,
         )
diff --git a/monai/transforms/spatial/dictionary.py b/monai/transforms/spatial/dictionary.py
index 5830737711..4bd822457d 100644
--- a/monai/transforms/spatial/dictionary.py
+++ b/monai/transforms/spatial/dictionary.py
@@ -1048,6 +1048,7 @@ def __init__(
         shear_range: Sequence[tuple[float, float] | float] | float | None = None,
         translate_range: Sequence[tuple[float, float] | float] | float | None = None,
         scale_range: Sequence[tuple[float, float] | float] | float | None = None,
+        translate_relative: bool = False,
         mode: SequenceStr = GridSampleMode.BILINEAR,
         padding_mode: SequenceStr = GridSamplePadMode.REFLECTION,
         cache_grid: bool = False,
@@ -1088,6 +1089,9 @@ def __init__(
             scale_range: scaling range with format matching `rotate_range`. it defines the range to randomly select
                 the scale factor to translate for every spatial dims. A value of 1.0 is added to the result.
                 This allows 0 to correspond to no change (i.e., a scaling of 1.0).
+            translate_relative: if True, `translate_range` values are interpreted as fractions of the
+                corresponding spatial dimension size (e.g. 0.5 allows translating up to half the image
+                size), instead of absolute voxels. Defaults to False.
             mode: {``"bilinear"``, ``"nearest"``} or spline interpolation order 0-5 (integers).
                 Interpolation mode to calculate output values. Defaults to ``"bilinear"``.
                 See also: https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.nn.functional.grid_sample.html
@@ -1131,6 +1135,7 @@ def __init__(
             shear_range=shear_range,
             translate_range=translate_range,
             scale_range=scale_range,
+            translate_relative=translate_relative,
             spatial_size=spatial_size,
             cache_grid=cache_grid,
             device=device,