x86/alternative: Add indirect call patching

In order to prepare replacing of paravirt patching with alternative
patching, add the capability to replace an indirect call with a direct
one.

This is done via a new flag ALT_FLAG_CALL as the target of the CALL
instruction needs to be evaluated using the value of the location
addressed by the indirect call.

For convenience, add a macro for a default CALL instruction. In case it
is being used without the new flag being set, it will result in a BUG()
when being executed. As in most cases, the feature used will be
X86_FEATURE_ALWAYS so add another macro ALT_CALL_ALWAYS usable for the
flags parameter of the ALTERNATIVE macros.

For a complete replacement, handle the special cases of calling a nop
function and an indirect call of NULL the same way as paravirt does.

  [ bp: Massage commit message, fixup the debug output and clarify flow
    more. ]

Co-developed-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231210062138.2417-4-jgross@suse.com

Author: jgross1

arch/x86/include/asm/alternative.h

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@
 
 #define ALT_FLAG_NOT		(1 << 0)
 #define ALT_NOT(feature)	((ALT_FLAG_NOT << ALT_FLAGS_SHIFT) | (feature))
+#define ALT_FLAG_DIRECT_CALL	(1 << 1)
+#define ALT_DIRECT_CALL(feature) ((ALT_FLAG_DIRECT_CALL << ALT_FLAGS_SHIFT) | (feature))
+#define ALT_CALL_ALWAYS		ALT_DIRECT_CALL(X86_FEATURE_ALWAYS)
 
 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
 
@@ -150,6 +153,8 @@ static inline int alternatives_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
 }
 #endif	/* CONFIG_SMP */
 
+#define ALT_CALL_INSTR		"call BUG_func"
+
 #define b_replacement(num)	"664"#num
 #define e_replacement(num)	"665"#num
 
@@ -386,6 +391,10 @@ void nop_func(void);
 	.byte \alt_len
 .endm
 
+.macro ALT_CALL_INSTR
+	call BUG_func
+.endm
+
 /*
  * Define an alternative between two instructions. If @feature is
  * present, early code in apply_alternatives() replaces @oldinstr with

arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c

@@ -395,6 +395,53 @@ noinstr void BUG_func(void)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(BUG_func);
 
+#define CALL_RIP_REL_OPCODE	0xff
+#define CALL_RIP_REL_MODRM	0x15
+
+/*
+ * Rewrite the "call BUG_func" replacement to point to the target of the
+ * indirect pv_ops call "call *disp(%ip)".
+ */
+static int alt_replace_call(u8 *instr, u8 *insn_buff, struct alt_instr *a)
+{
+	void *target, *bug = &BUG_func;
+	s32 disp;
+
+	if (a->replacementlen != 5 || insn_buff[0] != CALL_INSN_OPCODE) {
+		pr_err("ALT_FLAG_DIRECT_CALL set for a non-call replacement instruction\n");
+		BUG();
+	}
+
+	if (a->instrlen != 6 ||
+	    instr[0] != CALL_RIP_REL_OPCODE ||
+	    instr[1] != CALL_RIP_REL_MODRM) {
+		pr_err("ALT_FLAG_DIRECT_CALL set for unrecognized indirect call\n");
+		BUG();
+	}
+
+	/* Skip CALL_RIP_REL_OPCODE and CALL_RIP_REL_MODRM */
+	disp = *(s32 *)(instr + 2);
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	/* ff 15 00 00 00 00   call   *0x0(%rip) */
+	/* target address is stored at "next instruction + disp". */
+	target = *(void **)(instr + a->instrlen + disp);
+#else
+	/* ff 15 00 00 00 00   call   *0x0 */
+	/* target address is stored at disp. */
+	target = *(void **)disp;
+#endif
+	if (!target)
+		target = bug;
+
+	/* (BUG_func - .) + (target - BUG_func) := target - . */
+	*(s32 *)(insn_buff + 1) += target - bug;
+
+	if (target == &nop_func)
+		return 0;
+
+	return 5;
+}
+
 /*
  * Replace instructions with better alternatives for this CPU type. This runs
  * before SMP is initialized to avoid SMP problems with self modifying code.
@@ -452,16 +499,21 @@ void __init_or_module noinline apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start,
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		DPRINTK(ALT, "feat: %s%d*32+%d, old: (%pS (%px) len: %d), repl: (%px, len: %d)",
-			(a->flags & ALT_FLAG_NOT) ? "!" : "",
+		DPRINTK(ALT, "feat: %d32+%d, old: (%pS (%px) len: %d), repl: (%px, len: %d) flags: 0x%x",
 			a->cpuid >> 5,
 			a->cpuid & 0x1f,
 			instr, instr, a->instrlen,
-			replacement, a->replacementlen);
+			replacement, a->replacementlen, a->flags);
 
 		memcpy(insn_buff, replacement, a->replacementlen);
 		insn_buff_sz = a->replacementlen;
 
+		if (a->flags & ALT_FLAG_DIRECT_CALL) {
+			insn_buff_sz = alt_replace_call(instr, insn_buff, a);
+			if (insn_buff_sz < 0)
+				continue;
+		}
+
 		for (; insn_buff_sz < a->instrlen; insn_buff_sz++)
 			insn_buff[insn_buff_sz] = 0x90;