selftests/timers/posix_timers: Test delivery of signals across threads

Test that POSIX timers using CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID eventually deliver
a signal to all running threads.  This effectively tests that the kernel
doesn't prefer any one thread (or subset of threads) for signal delivery.

Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230316123028.2890338-2-elver@google.com

Author: dvyukov

tools/testing/selftests/timers/posix_timers.c

@@ -188,6 +188,80 @@ static int check_timer_create(int which)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int remain;
+__thread int got_signal;
+
+static void *distribution_thread(void *arg)
+{
+	while (__atomic_load_n(&remain, __ATOMIC_RELAXED));
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void distribution_handler(int nr)
+{
+	if (!__atomic_exchange_n(&got_signal, 1, __ATOMIC_RELAXED))
+		__atomic_fetch_sub(&remain, 1, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test that all running threads _eventually_ receive CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID
+ * timer signals. This primarily tests that the kernel does not favour any one.
+ */
+static int check_timer_distribution(void)
+{
+	int err, i;
+	timer_t id;
+	const int nthreads = 10;
+	pthread_t threads[nthreads];
+	struct itimerspec val = {
+		.it_value.tv_sec = 0,
+		.it_value.tv_nsec = 1000 * 1000,
+		.it_interval.tv_sec = 0,
+		.it_interval.tv_nsec = 1000 * 1000,
+	};
+
+	printf("Check timer_create() per process signal distribution... ");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	remain = nthreads + 1;  /* worker threads + this thread */
+	signal(SIGALRM, distribution_handler);
+	err = timer_create(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, NULL, &id);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		perror("Can't create timer\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	err = timer_settime(id, 0, &val, NULL);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		perror("Can't set timer\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nthreads; i++) {
+		if (pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, distribution_thread, NULL)) {
+			perror("Can't create thread\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Wait for all threads to receive the signal. */
+	while (__atomic_load_n(&remain, __ATOMIC_RELAXED));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nthreads; i++) {
+		if (pthread_join(threads[i], NULL)) {
+			perror("Can't join thread\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (timer_delete(id)) {
+		perror("Can't delete timer\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	printf("[OK]\n");
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	printf("Testing posix timers. False negative may happen on CPU execution \n");
@@ -217,5 +291,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	if (check_timer_create(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID) < 0)
 		return ksft_exit_fail();
 
+	if (check_timer_distribution() < 0)
+		return ksft_exit_fail();
+
 	return ksft_exit_pass();
 }