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minhsun-cJonathan Corbet
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Docs/mm: fix typos and grammar in page_tables.rst
Correct several spelling and grammatical errors in the page tables documentation. This includes: - Fixing "a address" to "an address" - Fixing "pfs" to "pfns" - Correcting the possessive "Torvald's" to "Torvalds's" - Fixing "instruction that want" to "instruction that wants" - Fixing "code path" to "code paths" Signed-off-by: Min-Hsun Chang <chmh0624@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linusw@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <20260209145603.96664-1-chmh0624@gmail.com>
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Documentation/mm/page_tables.rst

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@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ Physical memory address 0 will be *pfn 0* and the highest pfn will be
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the last page of physical memory the external address bus of the CPU can
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address.
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With a page granularity of 4KB and a address range of 32 bits, pfn 0 is at
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With a page granularity of 4KB and an address range of 32 bits, pfn 0 is at
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address 0x00000000, pfn 1 is at address 0x00001000, pfn 2 is at 0x00002000
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and so on until we reach pfn 0xfffff at 0xfffff000. With 16KB pages pfs are
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and so on until we reach pfn 0xfffff at 0xfffff000. With 16KB pages pfns are
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at 0x00004000, 0x00008000 ... 0xffffc000 and pfn goes from 0 to 0x3ffff.
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As you can see, with 4KB pages the page base address uses bits 12-31 of the
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ address, and this is why `PAGE_SHIFT` in this case is defined as 12 and
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Over time a deeper hierarchy has been developed in response to increasing memory
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sizes. When Linux was created, 4KB pages and a single page table called
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`swapper_pg_dir` with 1024 entries was used, covering 4MB which coincided with
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the fact that Torvald's first computer had 4MB of physical memory. Entries in
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this single table were referred to as *PTE*:s - page table entries.
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the fact that Torvalds's first computer had 4MB of physical memory. Entries in
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this single table were referred to as *PTEs* - page table entries.
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The software page table hierarchy reflects the fact that page table hardware has
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become hierarchical and that in turn is done to save page table memory and
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ threshold.
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Additionally, page faults may be also caused by code bugs or by maliciously
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crafted addresses that the CPU is instructed to access. A thread of a process
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could use instructions to address (non-shared) memory which does not belong to
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its own address space, or could try to execute an instruction that want to write
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its own address space, or could try to execute an instruction that wants to write
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to a read-only location.
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If the above-mentioned conditions happen in user-space, the kernel sends a
@@ -277,5 +277,5 @@ To conclude this high altitude view of how Linux handles page faults, let's
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add that the page faults handler can be disabled and enabled respectively with
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`pagefault_disable()` and `pagefault_enable()`.
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Several code path make use of the latter two functions because they need to
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Several code paths make use of the latter two functions because they need to
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disable traps into the page faults handler, mostly to prevent deadlocks.

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