feat(pydantic-ai): Support ImageUrl content type in span instrumentation (#5629)

Fixes PY-2129 and #5627 

Add handling for the pydantic-ai `ImageUrl` message content type in span
instrumentation.

Previously, only `BinaryContent` was handled for non-text message parts.
With recent pydantic-ai versions, users can pass `ImageUrl` objects as
part of their prompts. Without handling this type, `ImageUrl` items
would fall through to `safe_serialize`, losing structured information
about the content.

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: ericapisani

sentry_sdk/integrations/pydantic_ai/consts.py

@@ -1 +1,8 @@
+import re
+
 SPAN_ORIGIN = "auto.ai.pydantic_ai"
+
+# Matches data URLs with base64-encoded content, e.g. "data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0K..."
+DATA_URL_BASE64_REGEX = re.compile(
+    r"^data:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9.+\-]*/[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9.+\-]*)(?:;[a-zA-Z0-9\-]+=[^;,]*)*;base64,(?:[A-Za-z0-9+/\-_]+={0,2})$"
+)

sentry_sdk/integrations/pydantic_ai/spans/ai_client.py

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 import json
 
 import sentry_sdk
-from sentry_sdk._types import BLOB_DATA_SUBSTITUTE
 from sentry_sdk.ai.utils import (
     normalize_message_roles,
     set_data_normalized,
     truncate_and_annotate_messages,
-    get_modality_from_mime_type,
 )
 from sentry_sdk.consts import OP, SPANDATA
 from sentry_sdk.utils import safe_serialize
@@ -21,7 +19,11 @@
     get_current_agent,
     get_is_streaming,
 )
-from .utils import _set_usage_data
+from .utils import (
+    _serialize_binary_content_item,
+    _serialize_image_url_item,
+    _set_usage_data,
+)
 
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
@@ -40,6 +42,7 @@
         TextPart,
         ThinkingPart,
         BinaryContent,
+        ImageUrl,
     )
 except ImportError:
     # Fallback if these classes are not available
@@ -50,6 +53,7 @@
     TextPart = None
     ThinkingPart = None
     BinaryContent = None
+    ImageUrl = None
 
 
 def _transform_system_instructions(
@@ -158,22 +162,14 @@ def _set_input_messages(span: "sentry_sdk.tracing.Span", messages: "Any") -> Non
                             for item in part.content:
                                 if isinstance(item, str):
                                     content.append({"type": "text", "text": item})
+                                elif ImageUrl and isinstance(item, ImageUrl):
+                                    content.append(_serialize_image_url_item(item))
                                 elif BinaryContent and isinstance(item, BinaryContent):
-                                    content.append(
-                                        {
-                                            "type": "blob",
-                                            "modality": get_modality_from_mime_type(
-                                                item.media_type
-                                            ),
-                                            "mime_type": item.media_type,
-                                            "content": BLOB_DATA_SUBSTITUTE,
-                                        }
-                                    )
+                                    content.append(_serialize_binary_content_item(item))
                                 else:
                                     content.append(safe_serialize(item))
                         else:
                             content.append({"type": "text", "text": str(part.content)})
-
                     # Add message if we have content or tool calls
                     if content or tool_calls:
                         message: "Dict[str, Any]" = {"role": role}

sentry_sdk/integrations/pydantic_ai/spans/invoke_agent.py

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 import sentry_sdk
-from sentry_sdk._types import BLOB_DATA_SUBSTITUTE
 from sentry_sdk.ai.utils import (
-    get_modality_from_mime_type,
     get_start_span_function,
     normalize_message_roles,
     set_data_normalized,
@@ -16,17 +14,22 @@
     _set_model_data,
     _should_send_prompts,
 )
-from .utils import _set_usage_data
+from .utils import (
+    _serialize_binary_content_item,
+    _serialize_image_url_item,
+    _set_usage_data,
+)
 
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from typing import Any
 
 try:
-    from pydantic_ai.messages import BinaryContent  # type: ignore
+    from pydantic_ai.messages import BinaryContent, ImageUrl  # type: ignore
 except ImportError:
     BinaryContent = None
+    ImageUrl = None
 
 
 def invoke_agent_span(
@@ -105,17 +108,10 @@ def invoke_agent_span(
                 for item in user_prompt:
                     if isinstance(item, str):
                         content.append({"text": item, "type": "text"})
+                    elif ImageUrl and isinstance(item, ImageUrl):
+                        content.append(_serialize_image_url_item(item))
                     elif BinaryContent and isinstance(item, BinaryContent):
-                        content.append(
-                            {
-                                "type": "blob",
-                                "modality": get_modality_from_mime_type(
-                                    item.media_type
-                                ),
-                                "mime_type": item.media_type,
-                                "content": BLOB_DATA_SUBSTITUTE,
-                            }
-                        )
+                        content.append(_serialize_binary_content_item(item))
                 if content:
                     messages.append(
                         {

sentry_sdk/integrations/pydantic_ai/spans/utils.py

@@ -1,15 +1,50 @@
 """Utility functions for PydanticAI span instrumentation."""
 
 import sentry_sdk
+from sentry_sdk._types import BLOB_DATA_SUBSTITUTE
+from sentry_sdk.ai.utils import get_modality_from_mime_type
 from sentry_sdk.consts import SPANDATA
 
+from ..consts import DATA_URL_BASE64_REGEX
+
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from typing import Union, Dict, Any, List
+    from typing import Union, Dict, Any
     from pydantic_ai.usage import RequestUsage, RunUsage  # type: ignore
 
 
+def _serialize_image_url_item(item: "Any") -> "Dict[str, Any]":
+    """Serialize an ImageUrl content item for span data.
+
+    For data URLs containing base64-encoded images, the content is redacted.
+    For regular HTTP URLs, the URL string is preserved.
+    """
+    url = str(item.url)
+    data_url_match = DATA_URL_BASE64_REGEX.match(url)
+
+    if data_url_match:
+        return {
+            "type": "image",
+            "content": BLOB_DATA_SUBSTITUTE,
+        }
+
+    return {
+        "type": "image",
+        "content": url,
+    }
+
+
+def _serialize_binary_content_item(item: "Any") -> "Dict[str, Any]":
+    """Serialize a BinaryContent item for span data, redacting the blob data."""
+    return {
+        "type": "blob",
+        "modality": get_modality_from_mime_type(item.media_type),
+        "mime_type": item.media_type,
+        "content": BLOB_DATA_SUBSTITUTE,
+    }
+
+
 def _set_usage_data(
     span: "sentry_sdk.tracing.Span", usage: "Union[RequestUsage, RunUsage]"
 ) -> None:

tests/integrations/pydantic_ai/test_pydantic_ai.py

@@ -12,9 +12,8 @@
 from sentry_sdk.integrations.pydantic_ai import PydanticAIIntegration
 from sentry_sdk.integrations.pydantic_ai.spans.ai_client import _set_input_messages
 from sentry_sdk.integrations.pydantic_ai.spans.utils import _set_usage_data
-
 from pydantic_ai import Agent
-from pydantic_ai.messages import BinaryContent, UserPromptPart
+from pydantic_ai.messages import BinaryContent, ImageUrl, UserPromptPart
 from pydantic_ai.usage import RequestUsage
 from pydantic_ai.exceptions import ModelRetry, UnexpectedModelBehavior
 
@@ -2797,6 +2796,150 @@ async def test_set_usage_data_with_cache_tokens(sentry_init, capture_events):
     assert span_data["data"][SPANDATA.GEN_AI_USAGE_INPUT_TOKENS_CACHE_WRITE] == 20
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "url,image_url_kwargs,expected_content",
+    [
+        pytest.param(
+            "data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs",
+            {},
+            BLOB_DATA_SUBSTITUTE,
+            id="base64_data_url",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            "https://example.com/image.png",
+            {},
+            "https://example.com/image.png",
+            id="http_url_no_redaction",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            "https://example.com/api?data=iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs",
+            {"media_type": "image/png"},
+            "https://example.com/api?data=iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs",
+            id="http_url_with_base64_query_param",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciLz4=",
+            {},
+            BLOB_DATA_SUBSTITUTE,
+            id="complex_mime_type",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            "data:image/png;name=file.png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs",
+            {},
+            BLOB_DATA_SUBSTITUTE,
+            id="optional_parameters",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            "data:text/plain;charset=utf-8;name=hello.txt;base64,SGVsbG8sIFdvcmxkIQ==",
+            {},
+            BLOB_DATA_SUBSTITUTE,
+            id="multiple_optional_parameters",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_image_url_base64_content_in_span(
+    sentry_init, capture_events, url, image_url_kwargs, expected_content
+):
+    from sentry_sdk.integrations.pydantic_ai.spans.ai_client import ai_client_span
+
+    sentry_init(
+        integrations=[PydanticAIIntegration()],
+        traces_sample_rate=1.0,
+        send_default_pii=True,
+    )
+
+    events = capture_events()
+
+    with sentry_sdk.start_transaction(op="test", name="test"):
+        image_url = ImageUrl(url=url, **image_url_kwargs)
+        user_part = UserPromptPart(content=["Look at this image:", image_url])
+        mock_msg = MagicMock()
+        mock_msg.parts = [user_part]
+        mock_msg.instructions = None
+
+        span = ai_client_span([mock_msg], None, None, None)
+        span.finish()
+
+    (event,) = events
+    chat_spans = [s for s in event["spans"] if s["op"] == "gen_ai.chat"]
+    assert len(chat_spans) >= 1
+    messages_data = _get_messages_from_span(chat_spans[0]["data"])
+
+    found_image = False
+    for msg in messages_data:
+        if "content" not in msg:
+            continue
+        for content_item in msg["content"]:
+            if content_item.get("type") == "image":
+                found_image = True
+                assert content_item["content"] == expected_content
+
+    assert found_image, "Image content item should be found in messages data"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "url, image_url_kwargs, expected_content",
+    [
+        pytest.param(
+            "data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs",
+            {},
+            BLOB_DATA_SUBSTITUTE,
+            id="base64_data_url_redacted",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            "https://example.com/image.png",
+            {},
+            "https://example.com/image.png",
+            id="http_url_no_redaction",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            "https://example.com/api?data=iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs",
+            {},
+            "https://example.com/api?data=iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs",
+            id="http_url_with_base64_query_param",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            "https://example.com/api?data=iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs",
+            {"media_type": "image/png"},
+            "https://example.com/api?data=iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs",
+            id="http_url_with_base64_query_param_and_media_type",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+async def test_invoke_agent_image_url(
+    sentry_init, capture_events, url, image_url_kwargs, expected_content
+):
+    sentry_init(
+        integrations=[PydanticAIIntegration()],
+        traces_sample_rate=1.0,
+        send_default_pii=True,
+    )
+
+    agent = Agent("test", name="test_image_url_agent")
+
+    events = capture_events()
+    image_url = ImageUrl(url=url, **image_url_kwargs)
+    await agent.run([image_url, "Describe this image"])
+
+    (transaction,) = events
+
+    found_image = False
+
+    chat_spans = [s for s in transaction["spans"] if s["op"] == "gen_ai.chat"]
+    for chat_span in chat_spans:
+        messages_data = _get_messages_from_span(chat_span["data"])
+        for msg in messages_data:
+            if "content" not in msg:
+                continue
+            for content_item in msg["content"]:
+                if content_item.get("type") == "image":
+                    assert content_item["content"] == expected_content
+                    found_image = True
+
+    assert found_image, "Image content item should be found in messages data"
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_tool_description_in_execute_tool_span(sentry_init, capture_events):
     """