feat: Add set_attribute, remove_attribute to global API (#5555)

### Description
`set_attribute` and `remove_attribute` should also be part of the public
API via `sentry_sdk.set_attribute()` and
`sentry_sdk.remove_attribute()`, respectively, instead of requiring the
user to know about the scope system in order to determine which scope to
set the attributes on.

#### Issues
<!--
* resolves: #1234
* resolves: LIN-1234
-->

#### Reminders
- Please add tests to validate your changes, and lint your code using
`tox -e linters`.
- Add GH Issue ID _&_ Linear ID (if applicable)
- PR title should use [conventional
commit](https://develop.sentry.dev/engineering-practices/commit-messages/#type)
style (`feat:`, `fix:`, `ref:`, `meta:`)
- For external contributors:
[CONTRIBUTING.md](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-python/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md),
[Sentry SDK development docs](https://develop.sentry.dev/sdk/), [Discord
community](https://discord.gg/Ww9hbqr)

Author: sentrivana

sentry_sdk/__init__.py

@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@
     "last_event_id",
     "new_scope",
     "push_scope",
+    "remove_attribute",
+    "set_attribute",
     "set_context",
     "set_extra",
     "set_level",

sentry_sdk/api.py

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ def overload(x: "T") -> "T":
     "last_event_id",
     "new_scope",
     "push_scope",
+    "remove_attribute",
+    "set_attribute",
     "set_context",
     "set_extra",
     "set_level",
@@ -287,6 +289,28 @@ def push_scope(  # noqa: F811
     return _ScopeManager()
 
 
+@scopemethod
+def set_attribute(attribute: str, value: "Any") -> None:
+    """
+    Set an attribute.
+
+    Any attributes-based telemetry (logs, metrics) captured in this scope will
+    include this attribute.
+    """
+    return get_isolation_scope().set_attribute(attribute, value)
+
+
+@scopemethod
+def remove_attribute(attribute: str) -> None:
+    """
+    Remove an attribute.
+
+    If the attribute doesn't exist, this function will not have any effect and
+    it will also not raise an exception.
+    """
+    return get_isolation_scope().remove_attribute(attribute)
+
+
 @scopemethod
 def set_tag(key: str, value: "Any") -> None:
     return get_isolation_scope().set_tag(key, value)

tests/test_attributes.py

@@ -3,6 +3,27 @@
 from tests.test_metrics import envelopes_to_metrics
 
 
+def test_top_level_api(sentry_init, capture_envelopes):
+    sentry_init()
+
+    envelopes = capture_envelopes()
+
+    sentry_sdk.set_attribute("set", "value")
+    sentry_sdk.set_attribute("removed", "value")
+    sentry_sdk.remove_attribute("removed")
+    # Attempting to remove a nonexistent attribute should not raise
+    sentry_sdk.remove_attribute("nonexistent")
+
+    sentry_sdk.metrics.count("test", 1)
+    sentry_sdk.get_client().flush()
+
+    metrics = envelopes_to_metrics(envelopes)
+    (metric,) = metrics
+
+    assert metric["attributes"]["set"] == "value"
+    assert "removed" not in metric["attributes"]
+
+
 def test_scope_precedence(sentry_init, capture_envelopes):
     # Order of precedence, from most important to least:
     # 1. telemetry attributes (directly supplying attributes on creation or using set_attribute)