FEAT: Export Row class and refactor __init__.py (#270) (#474)

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>
[AB#43062](https://sqlclientdrivers.visualstudio.com/c6d89619-62de-46a0-8b46-70b92a84d85e/_workitems/edit/43062)

<!-- External contributors: GitHub Issue -->
> GitHub Issue: #270

-------------------------------------------------------------------
### Summary   
This pull request refactors how module-level constants and decimal
separator configuration are handled in the `mssql_python` package.
Constants are now dynamically exported from the `constants` module, and
decimal separator functions are moved to a dedicated module for improved
maintainability and clarity. The changes also add new exports for row
objects and simplify imports.

**Module-level constant export and API improvements:**

* Constants such as SQL types and GetInfo constants are now dynamically
exported from the `constants` module, allowing direct import from
`mssql_python` and reducing manual duplication. The `get_info_constants`
function is also moved and exported from `constants.py`.
* All manual constant exports and the `get_info_constants` function
implementation are removed from `__init__.py` in favor of wildcard
imports from `constants.py`.

**Decimal separator configuration refactor:**

* The decimal separator getter/setter logic is moved to a new module
`decimal_config.py`, which encapsulates validation and C++ binding
logic. A factory function now creates bound getter/setter functions for
use in `__init__.py`.
* The previous implementation of decimal separator functions in
`__init__.py` is removed and replaced with the new factory-based
approach.

**API and import enhancements:**

* The `Row` object is now exported at the top level for easier access. 
* Import statements are clarified and simplified, including the settings
import and constant exports.
These changes improve the maintainability, clarity, and usability of the
package's public API and configuration options.

Author: jahnvi480

mssql_python/__init__.py

@@ -9,9 +9,8 @@
 import threading
 import types
 import weakref
-from typing import Dict
 
-# Import settings from helpers to avoid circular imports
+# Import settings from helpers module
 from .helpers import Settings, get_settings, _settings, _settings_lock
 
 # Driver version
@@ -61,11 +60,14 @@
 # Cursor Objects
 from .cursor import Cursor
 
+# Row Objects
+from .row import Row
+
 # Logging Configuration (Simplified single-level DEBUG system)
 from .logging import logger, setup_logging, driver_logger
 
 # Constants
-from .constants import ConstantsDDBC, GetInfoConstants
+from .constants import ConstantsDDBC, GetInfoConstants, get_info_constants
 
 # Pooling
 from .pooling import PoolingManager
@@ -119,97 +121,177 @@ def _cleanup_connections():
 paramstyle: str = "pyformat"
 threadsafety: int = 1
 
-# Set the initial decimal separator in C++
-try:
-    from .ddbc_bindings import DDBCSetDecimalSeparator
-
-    DDBCSetDecimalSeparator(_settings.decimal_separator)
-except ImportError:
-    # Handle case where ddbc_bindings is not available
-    DDBCSetDecimalSeparator = None
-
-
-# New functions for decimal separator control
-def setDecimalSeparator(separator: str) -> None:
-    """
-    Sets the decimal separator character used when parsing NUMERIC/DECIMAL values
-    from the database, e.g. the "." in "1,234.56".
-
-    The default is to use the current locale's "decimal_point" value when the module
-    was first imported, or "." if the locale is not available. This function overrides
-    the default.
-
-    Args:
-        separator (str): The character to use as decimal separator
-
-    Raises:
-        ValueError: If the separator is not a single character string
-    """
-    # Type validation
-    if not isinstance(separator, str):
-        raise ValueError("Decimal separator must be a string")
-
-    # Length validation
-    if len(separator) == 0:
-        raise ValueError("Decimal separator cannot be empty")
-
-    if len(separator) > 1:
-        raise ValueError("Decimal separator must be a single character")
-
-    # Character validation
-    if separator.isspace():
-        raise ValueError("Whitespace characters are not allowed as decimal separators")
-
-    # Check for specific disallowed characters
-    if separator in ["\t", "\n", "\r", "\v", "\f"]:
-        raise ValueError(
-            f"Control character '{repr(separator)}' is not allowed as a decimal separator"
-        )
-
-    # Set in Python side settings
-    _settings.decimal_separator = separator
-
-    # Update the C++ side
-    if DDBCSetDecimalSeparator is not None:
-        DDBCSetDecimalSeparator(separator)
-
-
-def getDecimalSeparator() -> str:
-    """
-    Returns the decimal separator character used when parsing NUMERIC/DECIMAL values
-    from the database.
-
-    Returns:
-        str: The current decimal separator character
-    """
-    return _settings.decimal_separator
-
-
-# Export specific constants for setencoding()
-SQL_CHAR: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_CHAR.value
-SQL_WCHAR: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_WCHAR.value
-SQL_WMETADATA: int = -99
-
-# Export connection attribute constants for set_attr()
-# Only include driver-level attributes that the SQL Server ODBC driver can handle directly
-
-# Core driver-level attributes
-SQL_ATTR_ACCESS_MODE: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_ATTR_ACCESS_MODE.value
-SQL_ATTR_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_ATTR_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT.value
-SQL_ATTR_CURRENT_CATALOG: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_ATTR_CURRENT_CATALOG.value
-SQL_ATTR_LOGIN_TIMEOUT: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_ATTR_LOGIN_TIMEOUT.value
-SQL_ATTR_PACKET_SIZE: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_ATTR_PACKET_SIZE.value
-SQL_ATTR_TXN_ISOLATION: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_ATTR_TXN_ISOLATION.value
-
-# Transaction Isolation Level Constants
-SQL_TXN_READ_UNCOMMITTED: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_TXN_READ_UNCOMMITTED.value
-SQL_TXN_READ_COMMITTED: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_TXN_READ_COMMITTED.value
-SQL_TXN_REPEATABLE_READ: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_TXN_REPEATABLE_READ.value
-SQL_TXN_SERIALIZABLE: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_TXN_SERIALIZABLE.value
-
-# Access Mode Constants
-SQL_MODE_READ_WRITE: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_MODE_READ_WRITE.value
-SQL_MODE_READ_ONLY: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_MODE_READ_ONLY.value
+# Create decimal separator control functions bound to our settings
+from .decimal_config import create_decimal_separator_functions
+
+setDecimalSeparator, getDecimalSeparator = create_decimal_separator_functions(_settings)
+
+# Import module-level constants from constants module
+from .constants import (  # noqa: F401
+    # Enum classes
+    AuthType,
+    SQLTypes,
+    # Helper function
+    get_info_constants,
+    # SQL Type constants (from ConstantsDDBC)
+    SQL_CHAR,
+    SQL_VARCHAR,
+    SQL_LONGVARCHAR,
+    SQL_WCHAR,
+    SQL_WVARCHAR,
+    SQL_WLONGVARCHAR,
+    SQL_DECIMAL,
+    SQL_NUMERIC,
+    SQL_BIT,
+    SQL_TINYINT,
+    SQL_SMALLINT,
+    SQL_INTEGER,
+    SQL_BIGINT,
+    SQL_REAL,
+    SQL_FLOAT,
+    SQL_DOUBLE,
+    SQL_BINARY,
+    SQL_VARBINARY,
+    SQL_LONGVARBINARY,
+    SQL_DATE,
+    SQL_TIME,
+    SQL_TIMESTAMP,
+    SQL_TYPE_DATE,
+    SQL_TYPE_TIME,
+    SQL_TYPE_TIMESTAMP,
+    SQL_GUID,
+    SQL_XML,
+    # Connection attribute constants
+    SQL_ATTR_ACCESS_MODE,
+    SQL_ATTR_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT,
+    SQL_ATTR_CURRENT_CATALOG,
+    SQL_ATTR_LOGIN_TIMEOUT,
+    SQL_ATTR_PACKET_SIZE,
+    SQL_ATTR_TXN_ISOLATION,
+    # Transaction isolation levels
+    SQL_TXN_READ_UNCOMMITTED,
+    SQL_TXN_READ_COMMITTED,
+    SQL_TXN_REPEATABLE_READ,
+    SQL_TXN_SERIALIZABLE,
+    # Access modes
+    SQL_MODE_READ_WRITE,
+    SQL_MODE_READ_ONLY,
+    # Special constants
+    SQL_WMETADATA,
+    # GetInfoConstants (all exported as module-level constants)
+    SQL_DRIVER_NAME,
+    SQL_DRIVER_VER,
+    SQL_DRIVER_ODBC_VER,
+    SQL_DRIVER_HLIB,
+    SQL_DRIVER_HENV,
+    SQL_DRIVER_HDBC,
+    SQL_DATA_SOURCE_NAME,
+    SQL_DATABASE_NAME,
+    SQL_SERVER_NAME,
+    SQL_USER_NAME,
+    SQL_SQL_CONFORMANCE,
+    SQL_KEYWORDS,
+    SQL_IDENTIFIER_CASE,
+    SQL_IDENTIFIER_QUOTE_CHAR,
+    SQL_SPECIAL_CHARACTERS,
+    SQL_SQL92_ENTRY_SQL,
+    SQL_SQL92_INTERMEDIATE_SQL,
+    SQL_SQL92_FULL_SQL,
+    SQL_SUBQUERIES,
+    SQL_EXPRESSIONS_IN_ORDERBY,
+    SQL_CORRELATION_NAME,
+    SQL_SEARCH_PATTERN_ESCAPE,
+    SQL_CATALOG_TERM,
+    SQL_CATALOG_NAME_SEPARATOR,
+    SQL_SCHEMA_TERM,
+    SQL_TABLE_TERM,
+    SQL_PROCEDURES,
+    SQL_ACCESSIBLE_TABLES,
+    SQL_ACCESSIBLE_PROCEDURES,
+    SQL_CATALOG_NAME,
+    SQL_CATALOG_USAGE,
+    SQL_SCHEMA_USAGE,
+    SQL_COLUMN_ALIAS,
+    SQL_DESCRIBE_PARAMETER,
+    SQL_TXN_CAPABLE,
+    SQL_TXN_ISOLATION_OPTION,
+    SQL_DEFAULT_TXN_ISOLATION,
+    SQL_MULTIPLE_ACTIVE_TXN,
+    SQL_TXN_ISOLATION_LEVEL,
+    SQL_NUMERIC_FUNCTIONS,
+    SQL_STRING_FUNCTIONS,
+    SQL_DATETIME_FUNCTIONS,
+    SQL_SYSTEM_FUNCTIONS,
+    SQL_CONVERT_FUNCTIONS,
+    SQL_LIKE_ESCAPE_CLAUSE,
+    SQL_MAX_COLUMN_NAME_LEN,
+    SQL_MAX_TABLE_NAME_LEN,
+    SQL_MAX_SCHEMA_NAME_LEN,
+    SQL_MAX_CATALOG_NAME_LEN,
+    SQL_MAX_IDENTIFIER_LEN,
+    SQL_MAX_STATEMENT_LEN,
+    SQL_MAX_CHAR_LITERAL_LEN,
+    SQL_MAX_BINARY_LITERAL_LEN,
+    SQL_MAX_COLUMNS_IN_TABLE,
+    SQL_MAX_COLUMNS_IN_SELECT,
+    SQL_MAX_COLUMNS_IN_GROUP_BY,
+    SQL_MAX_COLUMNS_IN_ORDER_BY,
+    SQL_MAX_COLUMNS_IN_INDEX,
+    SQL_MAX_TABLES_IN_SELECT,
+    SQL_MAX_CONCURRENT_ACTIVITIES,
+    SQL_MAX_DRIVER_CONNECTIONS,
+    SQL_MAX_ROW_SIZE,
+    SQL_MAX_USER_NAME_LEN,
+    SQL_ACTIVE_CONNECTIONS,
+    SQL_ACTIVE_STATEMENTS,
+    SQL_DATA_SOURCE_READ_ONLY,
+    SQL_NEED_LONG_DATA_LEN,
+    SQL_GETDATA_EXTENSIONS,
+    SQL_CURSOR_COMMIT_BEHAVIOR,
+    SQL_CURSOR_ROLLBACK_BEHAVIOR,
+    SQL_CURSOR_SENSITIVITY,
+    SQL_BOOKMARK_PERSISTENCE,
+    SQL_DYNAMIC_CURSOR_ATTRIBUTES1,
+    SQL_DYNAMIC_CURSOR_ATTRIBUTES2,
+    SQL_FORWARD_ONLY_CURSOR_ATTRIBUTES1,
+    SQL_FORWARD_ONLY_CURSOR_ATTRIBUTES2,
+    SQL_STATIC_CURSOR_ATTRIBUTES1,
+    SQL_STATIC_CURSOR_ATTRIBUTES2,
+    SQL_KEYSET_CURSOR_ATTRIBUTES1,
+    SQL_KEYSET_CURSOR_ATTRIBUTES2,
+    SQL_SCROLL_OPTIONS,
+    SQL_SCROLL_CONCURRENCY,
+    SQL_FETCH_DIRECTION,
+    SQL_ROWSET_SIZE,
+    SQL_CONCURRENCY,
+    SQL_ROW_NUMBER,
+    SQL_STATIC_SENSITIVITY,
+    SQL_BATCH_SUPPORT,
+    SQL_BATCH_ROW_COUNT,
+    SQL_PARAM_ARRAY_ROW_COUNTS,
+    SQL_PARAM_ARRAY_SELECTS,
+    SQL_PROCEDURE_TERM,
+    SQL_POSITIONED_STATEMENTS,
+    SQL_GROUP_BY,
+    SQL_OJ_CAPABILITIES,
+    SQL_ORDER_BY_COLUMNS_IN_SELECT,
+    SQL_OUTER_JOINS,
+    SQL_QUOTED_IDENTIFIER_CASE,
+    SQL_CONCAT_NULL_BEHAVIOR,
+    SQL_NULL_COLLATION,
+    SQL_ALTER_TABLE,
+    SQL_UNION,
+    SQL_DDL_INDEX,
+    SQL_MULT_RESULT_SETS,
+    SQL_OWNER_USAGE,
+    SQL_QUALIFIER_USAGE,
+    SQL_TIMEDATE_ADD_INTERVALS,
+    SQL_TIMEDATE_DIFF_INTERVALS,
+    SQL_IC_UPPER,
+    SQL_IC_LOWER,
+    SQL_IC_SENSITIVE,
+    SQL_IC_MIXED,
+)
 
 
 def pooling(max_size: int = 100, idle_timeout: int = 600, enabled: bool = True) -> None:
@@ -249,81 +331,6 @@ def _custom_setattr(name, value):
 sys.modules[__name__].__setattr__ = _custom_setattr
 
 
-# Export SQL constants at module level
-SQL_VARCHAR: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_VARCHAR.value
-SQL_LONGVARCHAR: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_LONGVARCHAR.value
-SQL_WVARCHAR: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_WVARCHAR.value
-SQL_WLONGVARCHAR: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_WLONGVARCHAR.value
-SQL_DECIMAL: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_DECIMAL.value
-SQL_NUMERIC: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_NUMERIC.value
-SQL_BIT: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_BIT.value
-SQL_TINYINT: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_TINYINT.value
-SQL_SMALLINT: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_SMALLINT.value
-SQL_INTEGER: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_INTEGER.value
-SQL_BIGINT: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_BIGINT.value
-SQL_REAL: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_REAL.value
-SQL_FLOAT: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_FLOAT.value
-SQL_DOUBLE: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_DOUBLE.value
-SQL_BINARY: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_BINARY.value
-SQL_VARBINARY: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_VARBINARY.value
-SQL_LONGVARBINARY: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_LONGVARBINARY.value
-SQL_DATE: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_DATE.value
-SQL_TIME: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_TIME.value
-SQL_TIMESTAMP: int = ConstantsDDBC.SQL_TIMESTAMP.value
-
-# Export GetInfo constants at module level
-# Driver and database information
-SQL_DRIVER_NAME: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_DRIVER_NAME.value
-SQL_DRIVER_VER: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_DRIVER_VER.value
-SQL_DRIVER_ODBC_VER: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_DRIVER_ODBC_VER.value
-SQL_DATA_SOURCE_NAME: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_DATA_SOURCE_NAME.value
-SQL_DATABASE_NAME: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_DATABASE_NAME.value
-SQL_SERVER_NAME: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_SERVER_NAME.value
-SQL_USER_NAME: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_USER_NAME.value
-
-# SQL conformance and support
-SQL_SQL_CONFORMANCE: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_SQL_CONFORMANCE.value
-SQL_KEYWORDS: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_KEYWORDS.value
-SQL_IDENTIFIER_QUOTE_CHAR: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_IDENTIFIER_QUOTE_CHAR.value
-SQL_SEARCH_PATTERN_ESCAPE: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_SEARCH_PATTERN_ESCAPE.value
-
-# Catalog and schema support
-SQL_CATALOG_TERM: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_CATALOG_TERM.value
-SQL_SCHEMA_TERM: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_SCHEMA_TERM.value
-SQL_TABLE_TERM: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_TABLE_TERM.value
-SQL_PROCEDURE_TERM: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_PROCEDURE_TERM.value
-
-# Transaction support
-SQL_TXN_CAPABLE: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_TXN_CAPABLE.value
-SQL_DEFAULT_TXN_ISOLATION: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_DEFAULT_TXN_ISOLATION.value
-
-# Data type support
-SQL_NUMERIC_FUNCTIONS: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_NUMERIC_FUNCTIONS.value
-SQL_STRING_FUNCTIONS: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_STRING_FUNCTIONS.value
-SQL_DATETIME_FUNCTIONS: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_DATETIME_FUNCTIONS.value
-
-# Limits
-SQL_MAX_COLUMN_NAME_LEN: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_MAX_COLUMN_NAME_LEN.value
-SQL_MAX_TABLE_NAME_LEN: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_MAX_TABLE_NAME_LEN.value
-SQL_MAX_SCHEMA_NAME_LEN: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_MAX_SCHEMA_NAME_LEN.value
-SQL_MAX_CATALOG_NAME_LEN: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_MAX_CATALOG_NAME_LEN.value
-SQL_MAX_IDENTIFIER_LEN: int = GetInfoConstants.SQL_MAX_IDENTIFIER_LEN.value
-
-
-# Also provide a function to get all constants
-def get_info_constants() -> Dict[str, int]:
-    """
-    Returns a dictionary of all available GetInfo constants.
-
-    This provides all SQLGetInfo constants that can be used with the Connection.getinfo() method
-    to retrieve metadata about the database server and driver.
-
-    Returns:
-        dict: Dictionary mapping constant names to their integer values
-    """
-    return {name: member.value for name, member in GetInfoConstants.__members__.items()}
-
-
 # Create a custom module class that uses properties instead of __setattr__
 class _MSSQLModule(types.ModuleType):
     @property