All npm packages contain a file, usually in the project root, called `package.json` - this file holds various metadata relevant to the project. This file is used to give information to `npm` that allows it to identify the project as well as handle the project's dependencies. It can also contain other metadata such as a project description, the version of the project in a particular distribution, license information, even configuration data - all of which can be vital to both `npm` and to the end users of the package. The `package.json` file is normally located at the root directory of a Node.js project.
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