diff --git a/sdk/metrics/src/main/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/export/PeriodicMetricReader.java b/sdk/metrics/src/main/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/export/PeriodicMetricReader.java
index 14e3751ba18..8b8d4aaabd2 100644
--- a/sdk/metrics/src/main/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/export/PeriodicMetricReader.java
+++ b/sdk/metrics/src/main/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/export/PeriodicMetricReader.java
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 import io.opentelemetry.sdk.metrics.data.AggregationTemporality;
 import io.opentelemetry.sdk.metrics.data.MetricData;
 import java.util.Collection;
-import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@@ -46,6 +45,7 @@ public final class PeriodicMetricReader implements MetricReader {
 
   private final MetricExporter exporter;
   private final long intervalNanos;
+  private final long exporterTimeoutNanos;
   private final ScheduledExecutorService scheduler;
   private final Scheduled scheduled;
   private final Object lock = new Object();
@@ -72,11 +72,13 @@ public static PeriodicMetricReaderBuilder builder(MetricExporter exporter) {
   PeriodicMetricReader(
       MetricExporter exporter,
       long intervalNanos,
+      long exporterTimeoutNanos,
       ScheduledExecutorService scheduler,
       int maxExportBatchSize,
       InternalTelemetryVersion internalTelemetryVersion) {
     this.exporter = exporter;
     this.intervalNanos = intervalNanos;
+    this.exporterTimeoutNanos = exporterTimeoutNanos;
     this.scheduler = scheduler;
     this.maxExportBatchSize = maxExportBatchSize;
     this.scheduled = new Scheduled();
@@ -213,43 +215,26 @@ private Scheduled() {}
 
     private CompletableResultCode exportMetrics(Collection<MetricData> metricData) {
       if (maxExportBatchSize == 0) {
-        return exporter.export(metricData);
+        CompletableResultCode result = exporter.export(metricData);
+        result.join(exporterTimeoutNanos, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
+        return result;
       }
       Collection<Collection<MetricData>> batches =
           MetricExportBatcher.batchMetrics(metricData, maxExportBatchSize);
       CompletableResultCode sequentialResult = new CompletableResultCode();
-      AtomicBoolean anyFailed = new AtomicBoolean(false);
-      Iterator<Collection<MetricData>> batchIterator = batches.iterator();
-      Runnable exportNext =
-          new Runnable() {
-            @Override
-            public void run() {
-              while (batchIterator.hasNext()) {
-                Collection<MetricData> currentBatch = batchIterator.next();
-                CompletableResultCode currentResult = exporter.export(currentBatch);
-                if (currentResult.isDone()) {
-                  if (!currentResult.isSuccess()) {
-                    anyFailed.set(true);
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  currentResult.whenComplete(
-                      () -> {
-                        if (!currentResult.isSuccess()) {
-                          anyFailed.set(true);
-                        }
-                        this.run();
-                      });
-                  return;
-                }
-              }
-              if (anyFailed.get()) {
-                sequentialResult.fail();
-              } else {
-                sequentialResult.succeed();
-              }
-            }
-          };
-      exportNext.run();
+      boolean anyFailed = false;
+      for (Collection<MetricData> currentBatch : batches) {
+        CompletableResultCode currentResult = exporter.export(currentBatch);
+        currentResult.join(exporterTimeoutNanos, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
+        if (!currentResult.isSuccess()) {
+          anyFailed = true;
+        }
+      }
+      if (anyFailed) {
+        sequentialResult.fail();
+      } else {
+        sequentialResult.succeed();
+      }
       return sequentialResult;
     }
 
diff --git a/sdk/metrics/src/main/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/export/PeriodicMetricReaderBuilder.java b/sdk/metrics/src/main/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/export/PeriodicMetricReaderBuilder.java
index 0a2ef9ea900..d147e461b61 100644
--- a/sdk/metrics/src/main/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/export/PeriodicMetricReaderBuilder.java
+++ b/sdk/metrics/src/main/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/export/PeriodicMetricReaderBuilder.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 public final class PeriodicMetricReaderBuilder {
 
   static final long DEFAULT_SCHEDULE_DELAY_MINUTES = 1;
+  static final int DEFAULT_EXPORT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 30_000;
 
   private final MetricExporter metricExporter;
 
@@ -31,6 +32,8 @@ public final class PeriodicMetricReaderBuilder {
 
   private long intervalNanos = TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(DEFAULT_SCHEDULE_DELAY_MINUTES);
 
+  private long exporterTimeoutNanos = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(DEFAULT_EXPORT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
+
   @Nullable private ScheduledExecutorService executor;
 
   private int maxExportBatchSize;
@@ -57,6 +60,30 @@ public PeriodicMetricReaderBuilder setInterval(Duration interval) {
     return setInterval(interval.toNanos(), TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Sets the timeout for the underlying exporter. If unset, defaults to {@value
+   * DEFAULT_EXPORT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS}ms.
+   *
+   * @since 1.40.0
+   */
+  public PeriodicMetricReaderBuilder setExporterTimeout(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) {
+    requireNonNull(unit, "unit");
+    checkArgument(timeout >= 0, "timeout must be non-negative");
+    exporterTimeoutNanos = timeout == 0 ? Long.MAX_VALUE : unit.toNanos(timeout);
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Sets the timeout for the underlying exporter. If unset, defaults to {@value
+   * DEFAULT_EXPORT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS}ms.
+   *
+   * @since 1.40.0
+   */
+  public PeriodicMetricReaderBuilder setExporterTimeout(Duration timeout) {
+    requireNonNull(timeout, "timeout");
+    return setExporterTimeout(timeout.toNanos(), TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
+  }
+
   /** Sets the {@link ScheduledExecutorService} to schedule reads on. */
   public PeriodicMetricReaderBuilder setExecutor(ScheduledExecutorService executor) {
     requireNonNull(executor, "executor");
@@ -86,7 +113,12 @@ public PeriodicMetricReader build() {
           Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1, new DaemonThreadFactory("PeriodicMetricReader"));
     }
     return new PeriodicMetricReader(
-        metricExporter, intervalNanos, executor, maxExportBatchSize, internalTelemetryVersion);
+        metricExporter,
+        intervalNanos,
+        exporterTimeoutNanos,
+        executor,
+        maxExportBatchSize,
+        internalTelemetryVersion);
   }
 
   /** Sets the internal telemetry version used to control self-observability metrics. */