diff --git a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/csrf/core.pyi b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/csrf/core.pyi
index 4db69c8c5223..403446b96bdd 100644
--- a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/csrf/core.pyi
+++ b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/csrf/core.pyi
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from typing import Any
 from typing_extensions import Self
 
 from wtforms.fields import HiddenField
-from wtforms.fields.core import UnboundField, _Filter, _FormT, _Validator, _Widget
+from wtforms.fields.core import UnboundField, _Filter, _FormT, _Text, _Validator, _Widget
 from wtforms.form import BaseForm
 from wtforms.meta import DefaultMeta, _SupportsGettextAndNgettext
 
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ class CSRFTokenField(HiddenField):
     csrf_impl: CSRF
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: str | Callable[[], str] | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
diff --git a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/choices.pyi b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/choices.pyi
index 08bf08bbf182..47d8a475a318 100644
--- a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/choices.pyi
+++ b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/choices.pyi
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from typing import Any, Literal, NamedTuple, TypeAlias, TypeVar, overload
 from typing_extensions import Self, deprecated
 
 from wtforms.datalist import DataList
-from wtforms.fields.core import Field, _Filter, _FormT, _Validator, _Widget
+from wtforms.fields.core import Field, _Filter, _FormT, _Text, _Validator, _Widget
 from wtforms.form import BaseForm
 from wtforms.meta import DefaultMeta, _SupportsGettextAndNgettext
 
@@ -60,15 +60,15 @@ class SelectFieldBase(Field):
     option_widget: _Widget[_Option]
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         option_widget: _Widget[_Option] | None = None,
         *,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: object | None = None,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
         render_kw: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         name: str | None = None,
@@ -91,23 +91,23 @@ class SelectFieldBase(Field):
 class SelectField(SelectFieldBase):
     coerce: Callable[[Any], Any]
     validate_choice: bool
-    invalid_choice_message: str
+    invalid_choice_message: _Text
 
     @overload
     @deprecated("Starting with WTForms 3.4 only SelectChoice will be supported as choices inputs")
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None,
+        label: _Text | None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None,
         coerce: Callable[[Any], Any],
         choices: _LegacyChoices | _LegacyChoicesCallback,
         validate_choice: bool = True,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
-        invalid_choice_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
+        invalid_choice_message: _Text | None = None,
         *,
         option_widget: _Widget[_Option] | None = None,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: object | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
@@ -123,17 +123,17 @@ class SelectField(SelectFieldBase):
     @deprecated("Starting with WTForms 3.4 only SelectChoice will be supported as choices inputs")
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         coerce: Callable[[Any], Any] = ...,
         *,
         choices: _LegacyChoices | _LegacyChoicesCallback,
         validate_choice: bool = True,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
-        invalid_choice_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
+        invalid_choice_message: _Text | None = None,
         option_widget: _Widget[_Option] | None = None,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: object | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
@@ -148,17 +148,17 @@ class SelectField(SelectFieldBase):
     @overload
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         coerce: Callable[[Any], Any] = ...,
         choices: Iterable[SelectChoice] | _SelectChoicesCallback[Self] | None = None,
         validate_choice: bool = True,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
-        invalid_choice_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
+        invalid_choice_message: _Text | None = None,
         *,
         option_widget: _Widget[_Option] | None = None,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: object | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
@@ -187,17 +187,17 @@ class RadioField(SelectField):
     @deprecated("Starting with WTForms 3.4 only SelectChoice will be supported as choices inputs")
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         *,
         option_widget: _Widget[_Option] | None = None,
         coerce: Callable[[Any], Any] = ...,
         choices: _LegacyChoices | _LegacyChoicesCallback | None = None,
         validate_choice: bool = True,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
-        invalid_choice_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
+        invalid_choice_message: _Text | None = None,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: object | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
@@ -212,17 +212,17 @@ class RadioField(SelectField):
     @overload
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         *,
         option_widget: _Widget[_Option] | None = None,
         coerce: Callable[[Any], Any] = ...,
         choices: Iterable[SelectChoice] | _SelectChoicesCallback[Self] | None = None,
         validate_choice: bool = True,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
-        invalid_choice_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
+        invalid_choice_message: _Text | None = None,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: object | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
diff --git a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/core.pyi b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/core.pyi
index 40c72c447901..c835c0a856b7 100644
--- a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/core.pyi
+++ b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/core.pyi
@@ -25,6 +25,16 @@ class _Validator(Protocol[_FormT_contra, _FieldT_contra]):
 class _Widget(Protocol[_FieldT_contra]):
     def __call__(self, field: _FieldT_contra, **kwargs: Any) -> Markup: ...
 
+# A deferred translation such as flask_babel's LazyString: labels and
+# descriptions render it through markupsafe.escape(), and some validators
+# %-format their message before raising.
+@type_check_only
+class _LazyString(Protocol):
+    def __html__(self) -> str: ...
+    def __mod__(self, value: Any, /) -> str: ...
+
+_Text: TypeAlias = str | _LazyString
+
 class Field:
     errors: Sequence[str]
     process_errors: Sequence[str]
@@ -38,7 +48,7 @@ class Field:
     do_not_call_in_templates: bool
     meta: DefaultMeta
     default: Any | None
-    description: str
+    description: _Text
     render_kw: dict[str, Any]
     filters: Sequence[_Filter]
     flags: Flags
@@ -47,14 +57,14 @@ class Field:
     id: str
     type: str
     label: Label
-    invalid_value_message: str | None
+    invalid_value_message: _Text | None
     # technically this can return UnboundField, but that is not allowed
     # by type checkers, so we use a descriptor hack to get around this
     # limitation instead
     def __new__(cls, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Self: ...
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         # for tuple we can be a bit more type safe and only accept validators
         # that would work on this or a less specific field, but in general it
         # would be too annoying to restrict to Sequence[_Validator], since mypy
@@ -62,10 +72,10 @@ class Field:
         # the common base class between all validators
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: object | None = None,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
         render_kw: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         name: str | None = None,
@@ -141,7 +151,7 @@ class Flags:
 
 class Label:
     field_id: str
-    text: str
-    def __init__(self, field_id: str, text: str) -> None: ...
+    text: _Text
+    def __init__(self, field_id: str, text: _Text) -> None: ...
     def __html__(self) -> str: ...
-    def __call__(self, text: str | None = None, **kwargs: Any) -> Markup: ...
+    def __call__(self, text: _Text | None = None, **kwargs: Any) -> Markup: ...
diff --git a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/datetime.pyi b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/datetime.pyi
index 95004a228352..d9a63d4b9cc7 100644
--- a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/datetime.pyi
+++ b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/datetime.pyi
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from typing import Any
 from typing_extensions import Self, deprecated
 
 from wtforms.datalist import DataList
-from wtforms.fields.core import Field, _Filter, _FormT, _Validator, _Widget
+from wtforms.fields.core import Field, _Filter, _FormT, _Text, _Validator, _Widget
 from wtforms.form import BaseForm
 from wtforms.meta import DefaultMeta, _SupportsGettextAndNgettext
 
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ class DateTimeField(Field):
     default: datetime | Callable[[], datetime] | None
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         format: str | list[str] = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         *,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: datetime | Callable[[], datetime] | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
@@ -42,13 +42,13 @@ class DateField(DateTimeField):
     default: date | Callable[[], date] | None  # type: ignore[assignment]
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         format: str | list[str] = "%Y-%m-%d",
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         *,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: date | Callable[[], date] | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
@@ -66,13 +66,13 @@ class TimeField(DateTimeField):
     default: time | Callable[[], time] | None  # type: ignore[assignment]
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         format: str | list[str] = "%H:%M",
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         *,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: time | Callable[[], time] | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
@@ -88,15 +88,15 @@ class TimeField(DateTimeField):
 class MonthField(DateField):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         format: str | list[str] = "%Y-%m",
         *,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: time | Callable[[], time] | None = None,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
         render_kw: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         name: str | None = None,
@@ -110,13 +110,13 @@ class MonthField(DateField):
 class WeekField(DateField):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         format: str | list[str] = "%Y-W%W",  # only difference is the default value
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         *,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: time | Callable[[], time] | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
@@ -132,14 +132,14 @@ class WeekField(DateField):
 class DateTimeLocalField(DateTimeField):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         format: str | list[str] = ...,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         *,
         tz: tzinfo | Callable[[], tzinfo | None] | None = None,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: time | Callable[[], time] | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
diff --git a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/form.pyi b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/form.pyi
index e47a04eaca3d..623aadcb4300 100644
--- a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/form.pyi
+++ b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/form.pyi
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from collections.abc import Iterator
 from typing import Any, Generic, TypeVar
 
 from wtforms.datalist import DataList
-from wtforms.fields.core import Field, _Widget
+from wtforms.fields.core import Field, _Text, _Widget
 from wtforms.form import BaseForm, _FormErrors
 from wtforms.meta import DefaultMeta, _SupportsGettextAndNgettext
 
@@ -17,14 +17,14 @@ class FormField(Field, Generic[_BoundFormT]):
     def __init__(
         self: FormField[_BoundFormT],  # pyright: ignore[reportInvalidTypeVarUse]  #11780
         form_class: type[_BoundFormT],
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: None = None,
         separator: str = "-",
         *,
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: object | None = None,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[FormField[_BoundFormT]] | None = None,
         render_kw: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         name: str | None = None,
diff --git a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/list.pyi b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/list.pyi
index cf37fa24d4ac..94e4b7ed8a62 100644
--- a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/list.pyi
+++ b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/list.pyi
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable, Iterator, Sequence
 from typing import Any, Generic, TypeVar
 
 from wtforms.datalist import DataList
-from wtforms.fields.core import Field, UnboundField, _FormT, _Validator, _Widget
+from wtforms.fields.core import Field, UnboundField, _FormT, _Text, _Validator, _Widget
 from wtforms.form import BaseForm
 from wtforms.meta import DefaultMeta, _SupportsGettextAndNgettext
 
@@ -26,16 +26,16 @@ class FieldList(Field, Generic[_BoundFieldT]):
         self: FieldList[_BoundFieldT],  # pyright: ignore[reportInvalidTypeVarUse]  #11780
         # because of our workaround we need to accept Field as well
         unbound_field: UnboundField[_BoundFieldT] | _BoundFieldT,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, _BoundFieldT], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         min_entries: int = 0,
         max_entries: int | None = None,
         separator: str = "-",
         default: Iterable[Any] | Callable[[], Iterable[Any]] = (),
         *,
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[FieldList[Any]] | None = None,
         render_kw: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         name: str | None = None,
diff --git a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/numeric.pyi b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/numeric.pyi
index a8ae1ef3af2c..5ec1dd522848 100644
--- a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/numeric.pyi
+++ b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/numeric.pyi
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from typing import Any, Literal, overload
 from typing_extensions import Self
 
 from wtforms.datalist import DataList
-from wtforms.fields.core import Field, _Filter, _FormT, _Validator, _Widget
+from wtforms.fields.core import Field, _Filter, _FormT, _Text, _Validator, _Widget
 from wtforms.form import BaseForm
 from wtforms.meta import DefaultMeta, _SupportsGettextAndNgettext
 from wtforms.utils import UnsetValue
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class LocaleAwareNumberField(Field):
     locale: str
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         use_locale: bool = False,
         # this accepts a babel.numbers.NumberPattern, but since it
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ class LocaleAwareNumberField(Field):
         number_format: str | Any | None = None,
         *,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: object | None = None,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
         render_kw: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         name: str | None = None,
@@ -47,12 +47,12 @@ class IntegerField(Field):
     default: int | Callable[[], int] | None
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         *,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: int | Callable[[], int] | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
@@ -76,19 +76,19 @@ class DecimalField(LocaleAwareNumberField):
     @overload
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         *,
         places: UnsetValue = ...,
         rounding: None = None,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         use_locale: Literal[True],
         # this accepts a babel.numbers.NumberPattern, but since it
         # is an optional dependency we don't want to depend on it
         # for annotation this one argument
         number_format: str | Any | None = None,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: Decimal | Callable[[], Decimal] | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
@@ -103,11 +103,11 @@ class DecimalField(LocaleAwareNumberField):
     @overload
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         places: int | UnsetValue | None = ...,
         rounding: str | None = None,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         *,
         use_locale: Literal[False] = False,
         # this accepts a babel.numbers.NumberPattern, but since it
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ class DecimalField(LocaleAwareNumberField):
         # for annotation this one argument
         number_format: str | Any | None = None,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: Decimal | Callable[[], Decimal] | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
@@ -135,12 +135,12 @@ class FloatField(Field):
     default: float | Callable[[], float] | None
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         *,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: float | Callable[[], float] | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
diff --git a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/simple.pyi b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/simple.pyi
index 4278b0572878..e6f9292a9b70 100644
--- a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/simple.pyi
+++ b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/fields/simple.pyi
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from typing import Any
 from typing_extensions import Self
 
 from wtforms.datalist import DataList
-from wtforms.fields.core import Field, _Filter, _FormT, _Validator, _Widget
+from wtforms.fields.core import Field, _Filter, _FormT, _Text, _Validator, _Widget
 from wtforms.form import BaseForm
 from wtforms.meta import DefaultMeta, _SupportsGettextAndNgettext
 
@@ -30,15 +30,15 @@ class BooleanField(Field):
     false_values: Collection[Any]
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         false_values: Collection[Any] | None = None,
         *,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: bool | Callable[[], bool] | None = None,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
         render_kw: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         name: str | None = None,
@@ -54,13 +54,13 @@ class StringField(Field):
     default: str | Callable[[], str] | None
     def __init__(
         self,
-        label: str | None = None,
+        label: _Text | None = None,
         validators: tuple[_Validator[_FormT, Self], ...] | list[Any] | None = None,
         filters: Sequence[_Filter] = (),
-        description: str = "",
+        description: _Text = "",
         id: str | None = None,
         default: str | Callable[[], str] | None = None,
-        invalid_value_message: str | None = None,
+        invalid_value_message: _Text | None = None,
         widget: _Widget[Self] | None = None,
         render_kw: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         name: str | None = None,
diff --git a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/validators.pyi b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/validators.pyi
index ce0765c07e09..24d26e6f9838 100644
--- a/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/validators.pyi
+++ b/stubs/WTForms/wtforms/validators.pyi
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ from re import Match, Pattern
 from typing import Any, TypeVar, overload
 
 from wtforms.fields import Field, StringField
+from wtforms.fields.core import _Text
 from wtforms.form import BaseForm
 
 __all__ = (
@@ -48,35 +49,35 @@ __all__ = (
 _ValuesT_contra = TypeVar("_ValuesT_contra", bound=Collection[Any], contravariant=True)
 
 class ValidationError(ValueError):
-    def __init__(self, message: str = "", *args: object) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, message: _Text = "", *args: object) -> None: ...
 
 class StopValidation(Exception):
-    def __init__(self, message: str = "", *args: object) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, message: _Text = "", *args: object) -> None: ...
 
 class EqualTo:
     fieldname: str
-    message: str | None
-    def __init__(self, fieldname: str, message: str | None = None) -> None: ...
+    message: _Text | None
+    def __init__(self, fieldname: str, message: _Text | None = None) -> None: ...
     def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: Field) -> None: ...
 
 class Length:
     min: int
     max: int
-    message: str | None
+    message: _Text | None
     field_flags: dict[str, Any]
-    def __init__(self, min: int = -1, max: int = -1, message: str | None = None) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, min: int = -1, max: int = -1, message: _Text | None = None) -> None: ...
     def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: StringField) -> None: ...
 
 class NumberRange:
     min: float | Decimal | Callable[[], float | Decimal | None] | None
     max: float | Decimal | Callable[[], float | Decimal | None] | None
-    message: str | None
+    message: _Text | None
     field_flags: dict[str, Any]
     def __init__(
         self,
         min: float | Decimal | Callable[[], float | Decimal | None] | None = None,
         max: float | Decimal | Callable[[], float | Decimal | None] | None = None,
-        message: str | None = None,
+        message: _Text | None = None,
     ) -> None: ...
     # any numeric field will work, for now we don't try to use a union
     # to restrict to the defined numeric fields, since user-defined fields
@@ -87,13 +88,13 @@ class NumberRange:
 class DateRange:
     min: date | datetime | Callable[[], date | datetime | None] | None
     max: date | datetime | Callable[[], date | datetime | None] | None
-    message: str
+    message: _Text
     field_flags: dict[str, Any]
     def __init__(
         self,
         min: date | datetime | Callable[[], date | datetime | None] | None = None,
         max: date | datetime | Callable[[], date | datetime | None] | None = None,
-        message: str | None = None,
+        message: _Text | None = None,
     ) -> None: ...
     def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: Field) -> None: ...
 
@@ -104,34 +105,34 @@ class Optional:
     def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: Field) -> None: ...
 
 class DataRequired:
-    message: str | None
+    message: _Text | None
     field_flags: dict[str, Any]
-    def __init__(self, message: str | None = None) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, message: _Text | None = None) -> None: ...
     def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: Field) -> None: ...
 
 class InputRequired:
-    message: str | None
+    message: _Text | None
     field_flags: dict[str, Any]
-    def __init__(self, message: str | None = None) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, message: _Text | None = None) -> None: ...
     def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: Field) -> None: ...
 
 class Regexp:
     regex: Pattern[str]
-    message: str | None
+    message: _Text | None
     matcher: Callable[[Pattern[str], str], Match[str]]
     field_flags: dict[str, Any]
     def __init__(
         self,
         regex: str | Pattern[str],
         flags: int = 0,
-        message: str | None = None,
+        message: _Text | None = None,
         matcher: Callable[[Pattern[str], str], Match[str]] = ...,
         html_pattern: bool | str | Callable[[Pattern[str]], bool | str] = False,
     ) -> None: ...
-    def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: StringField, message: str | None = None) -> Match[str]: ...
+    def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: StringField, message: _Text | None = None) -> Match[str]: ...
 
 class Email:
-    message: str | None
+    message: _Text | None
     granular_message: bool
     check_deliverability: bool
     test_environment: bool | None
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ class Email:
     allow_empty_local: bool | None
     def __init__(
         self,
-        message: str | None = None,
+        message: _Text | None = None,
         granular_message: bool = False,
         check_deliverability: bool = False,
         test_environment: bool | None = None,
@@ -151,8 +152,8 @@ class Email:
 class IPAddress:
     ipv4: bool
     ipv6: bool
-    message: str | None
-    def __init__(self, ipv4: bool = True, ipv6: bool = False, message: str | None = None) -> None: ...
+    message: _Text | None
+    def __init__(self, ipv4: bool = True, ipv6: bool = False, message: _Text | None = None) -> None: ...
     def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: StringField) -> None: ...
     @classmethod
     def check_ipv4(cls, value: str | None) -> bool: ...
@@ -160,13 +161,13 @@ class IPAddress:
     def check_ipv6(cls, value: str | None) -> bool: ...
 
 class MacAddress(Regexp):
-    def __init__(self, message: str | None = None) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, message: _Text | None = None) -> None: ...
     def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: StringField) -> None: ...  # type: ignore[override]
 
 class URL:
     allow_userinfo: bool
     schemes: Collection[str]
-    message: str | None
+    message: _Text | None
     validate_hostname: HostnameValidation
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -174,29 +175,29 @@ class URL:
         allow_ip: bool = True,
         allow_userinfo: bool = False,
         schemes: Collection[str] = ...,
-        message: str | None = None,
+        message: _Text | None = None,
     ) -> None: ...
     def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: StringField) -> None: ...  # type: ignore[override]
 
 class UUID:
-    message: str | None
-    def __init__(self, message: str | None = None) -> None: ...
+    message: _Text | None
+    def __init__(self, message: _Text | None = None) -> None: ...
     def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: StringField) -> None: ...
 
 class AnyOf:
     values: Collection[Any]
-    message: str | None
+    message: _Text | None
     values_formatter: Callable[[Any], str]
 
     @overload
-    def __init__(self, values: Collection[Any], message: str | None = None, values_formatter: None = None) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, values: Collection[Any], message: _Text | None = None, values_formatter: None = None) -> None: ...
     @overload
     def __init__(
-        self, values: _ValuesT_contra, message: str | None, values_formatter: Callable[[_ValuesT_contra], str]
+        self, values: _ValuesT_contra, message: _Text | None, values_formatter: Callable[[_ValuesT_contra], str]
     ) -> None: ...
     @overload
     def __init__(
-        self, values: _ValuesT_contra, message: str | None = None, *, values_formatter: Callable[[_ValuesT_contra], str]
+        self, values: _ValuesT_contra, message: _Text | None = None, *, values_formatter: Callable[[_ValuesT_contra], str]
     ) -> None: ...
 
     def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: Field) -> None: ...
@@ -205,18 +206,18 @@ class AnyOf:
 
 class NoneOf:
     values: Collection[Any]
-    message: str | None
+    message: _Text | None
     values_formatter: Callable[[Any], str]
 
     @overload
-    def __init__(self, values: Collection[Any], message: str | None = None, values_formatter: None = None) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, values: Collection[Any], message: _Text | None = None, values_formatter: None = None) -> None: ...
     @overload
     def __init__(
-        self, values: _ValuesT_contra, message: str | None, values_formatter: Callable[[_ValuesT_contra], str]
+        self, values: _ValuesT_contra, message: _Text | None, values_formatter: Callable[[_ValuesT_contra], str]
     ) -> None: ...
     @overload
     def __init__(
-        self, values: _ValuesT_contra, message: str | None = None, *, values_formatter: Callable[[_ValuesT_contra], str]
+        self, values: _ValuesT_contra, message: _Text | None = None, *, values_formatter: Callable[[_ValuesT_contra], str]
     ) -> None: ...
 
     def __call__(self, form: BaseForm, field: Field) -> None: ...