[alerter]feature: add Microsoft Teams as an alert notification channel

[Rangsh]

Support Teams Workflows webhook with Adaptive Card payload (type=16), URI-safe sending for Power Automate URLs, frontend form/i18n, default template, docs, and unit tests. Fixes #4346.

What's changed?

Add Microsoft Teams as an independent alert notification channel.

Office 365 Incoming Webhooks have been retired. This PR integrates Teams Workflows (Power Automate) webhooks and sends alerts as Adaptive Cards.

• Add TeamsAlertNotifyHandlerImpl (type = 16) in alerter
• Add teamsWebHookUrl on NoticeReceiver (@Size(max = 1000))
• Send HTTP requests via java.net.URI so pre-encoded Power Automate query params are not re-encoded (same issue as fix(alerter): keep webhook query params intact #4249)
• Render Adaptive Cards with severity-based colors (Attention / Warning / Default / Good)
• Mask the Teams webhook URL in NoticeReceiverMaskUtil
• Frontend: receiver form, list/template type tags, i18n (en / zh-CN / zh-TW / ja / ko / pt-BR)
• Default template: 16-MicrosoftTeamsTemplate.txt
• Docs: alert_teams.md (EN/zh-CN), guide, and sidebar
• Unit tests for success / non-2xx / URL validation / URI verbatim sending / color mapping

Fixes #4346

Checklist

• I have read the Contributing Guide
• I have written the necessary doc or comment.
• I have added the necessary unit tests and all cases have passed.

Add or update API

• I have added the necessary e2e tests and all cases have passed.