refactor: replace mypy with ty for static type checking

[bearomorphism]

Switch the linters group and poe lint from mypy to Astral ty, add [tool.ty] configuration, and adjust code and tests for ty semantics.

Made-with: Cursor

Description

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guidelines

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Code Changes

• Add test cases to all the changes you introduce
• Run uv run poe all locally to ensure this change passes linter check and tests
• Manually test the changes:
  • Verify the feature/bug fix works as expected in real-world scenarios
  • Test edge cases and error conditions
  • Ensure backward compatibility is maintained
  • Document any manual testing steps performed
• Update the documentation for the changes

Documentation Changes

• Run uv run poe doc locally to ensure the documentation pages renders correctly
• Check and fix any broken links (internal or external)

Expected Behavior

Steps to Test This Pull Request

Additional Context

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 97.99%. Comparing base (69884e0) to head (0a22b49).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on master.
✅ All tests successful. No failed tests found.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master    #1932   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   97.99%   97.99%           
=======================================
  Files          60       60           
  Lines        2691     2696    +5     
=======================================
+ Hits         2637     2642    +5     
  Misses         54       54           

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[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Switches the project’s static type checking from mypy to Astral’s ty, updates configuration accordingly, and adjusts code/tests to satisfy ty’s typing semantics.

Changes:

• Replace mypy with ty in dependency groups and poe lint, and add [tool.ty] configuration.
• Update codebase to align with ty typing rules (casts, TypedDict interactions, ignore directives).
• Add/adjust tests to match new typing-related behavior (notably changelog hook behavior).

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 25 out of 26 changed files in this pull request and generated 4 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
uv.lock	Removes mypy (and related deps) and adds ty to locked dependencies.
pyproject.toml	Replaces mypy config with ty config; updates poe lint to run ty check.
docs/contributing/contributing_tldr.md	Updates contributor instructions from mypy to ty.
commitizen/version_schemes.py	Adjusts typing notes/ignores and casts for scheme types.
commitizen/providers/uv_provider.py	Updates ignore directives for ty/ruff semantics around TOML indexing.
commitizen/providers/poetry_provider.py	Renames params and updates ignore directives for TOML indexing.
commitizen/providers/cargo_provider.py	Updates ignore directives for TOML indexing.
commitizen/providers/base_provider.py	Updates ignore directives for TOML indexing.
commitizen/git.py	Updates smart_open typing/ignores (currently incomplete for ruff rules).
commitizen/cz/customize/customize.py	Adjusts ignores and formatting around template substitution/rendering (introduces a typing issue).
commitizen/cz/conventional_commits/conventional_commits.py	Updates override-related ignore style for ty/ruff.
commitizen/config/toml_config.py	Updates ignore directives for TOML mutation/indexing.
commitizen/config/base_config.py	Updates ignore directive for path property return.
commitizen/commands/bump.py	Adds ChangelogArgs typing and casts for TypedDict compatibility.
commitizen/cli.py	Updates ignore directive for args.func(...) call.
commitizen/changelog.py	Makes hook processing robust to non-dict entries; tweaks incremental build guard.
commitizen/changelog_formats/init.py	Refactors changelog-format resolution logic for clearer typing.
scripts/gen_cli_help_screenshots.py	Adds casts to satisfy static typing when iterating CLI command config.
tests/test_cz_search_filter.py	Uses Path for TomlConfig.path to match type expectations.
tests/test_cz_conventional_commits.py	Adds casts / imports to satisfy ty for answer dict typing.
tests/test_conf.py	Adjusts read_cfg call argument type.
tests/test_cli.py	Passes None traceback to match commitizen_excepthook signature.
tests/test_changelog.py	Adds casts/imports and new test for skipping non-dict hook entries.
tests/commands/test_version_command.py	Removes mypy-specific ignore; now relies on ty behavior.
tests/commands/test_changelog_command.py	Updates ignore style for ruff PGH003.
tests/commands/test_bump_command.py	Updates ignore style for ruff PGH003.

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[Copilot]

smart_open lacks parameter type annotations; the # noqa: ANN201 only suppresses the missing return annotation, but ruff is configured to enforce argument annotations (ANN001/ANN2). Add a typed signature (or explicitly ignore the relevant ANN codes) so poe lint passes.

[Copilot]

This branch calls message_template.substitute(...) but under TYPE_CHECKING the Template type is jinja2.Template, which doesn't define substitute. This will fail static type checking (and was previously suppressed). Consider narrowing the type (e.g., separate string.Template vs jinja2.Template) or reintroducing a targeted type: ignore[attr-defined] for this call.

[Copilot]

Changelog expects a ChangelogArgs TypedDict, but here a plain dict created via unpacking is passed without a cast. This was previously suppressed with a type: ignore and may now fail ty check. Cast the argument to ChangelogArgs (as is already done for the later Changelog instantiation) to keep the type checker happy and make intent explicit.

Suggested change

	{**changelog_args, "dry_run": True},
	cast(
	"ChangelogArgs",
	{**changelog_args, "dry_run": True},
	),

[Copilot]

commands.Version expects VersionArgs (a TypedDict), but {argument: True} uses a dynamic key so the literal is inferred as a plain dict[str, bool] by type checkers. This used to be suppressed with a type: ignore; consider casting to VersionArgs (or branching on argument to build a literal with a static key) to avoid ty type errors.